1 SECTION ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction The human rights situation in Sudan deteriorated because of the ongoing war between Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and Rapid Support Force (RSF). This resulted in the destruction of life and property, mass displacement and general suffering of the population. Regardless of the conflict situation across Sudan, HUDO Centre managed to document and highlight the violations and abuses that our human rights monitors managed to record in the governmentcontrolled territories of South Kordufan (SK) and Blue Nile (BN). HUDO Centre’s access to SPLA-N controlled area is very limited and even if there was access, the number of human rights monitors on ground is limited since most of them were displaced by the war. The period covered in this report is from January-2024 to December-2024. 1.2 About HUDO Centre Human Rights and Development Organization (HUDO Centre) is an independent, nongovernment, non-partisan, non-profit making organization, dedicated to the promotion, protection of human rights, peace building and development. Its office is based in KampalaUganda. HUDO Centre undertakes monitoring of human rights situation in Sudan and advocates for the rights of vulnerable people. This includes the conditions and rights of civilians in conflict areas, religious rights, freedom of expression and other violations. HUDO Centre also observes the human rights related cases that are before courts of law. Although, currently there is no court business going on in Sudan because of the war situation. Our focus is on areas under the control of Sudan government in South Kordufan (SK) and Blue Nile (BN) States together with the internally displaced people (IDPs) from the two areas. HUDO Centre is also involved in advocacy work and has got a special program on refugee issues. In order to implement this task of monitoring, HUDO Centre trains human rights monitors based in SK and BN to improve their capacity to monitor, document and report on violations and abuses taking place. Our Vision: A world where everyone’s human rights are protected and fulfilled without discrimination. Our Mission: To champion universal access to rights-based information and services to vulnerable and underserved communities through sustainable innovations, humanitarian support, strategic partnerships, rights empowerment, capacity building, research and advocacy. 1