‫ﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺴـﺭﺍ ِﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺒﻴ‪‬ـﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻨﻅـﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻙ ﺃﻥ ﻴ‪‬ﺤﻴ‪‬ﺭﻭﺍ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ "ﻓﻴﺨﺭﺠﻭﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻴ‪‬ﻬﻴ‪‬ﺊ ﻷﻭﻝﺌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ ﺍﺭﺒﺎﺒﺎ" )ﻋﻔﻴﻔﻲ‪74 :‬؛ ﺃﻭﺴﺘﻥ ‪.(80 :1980‬‬ ‫ﻱ ﻓـﺭﺩٍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻥﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ ﻝﻪ"‪ -‬ﺸﻴﺘﻴﻙ ‪ (73 :1989‬ﻓﺈ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻝﺌﻥ ﻴﻜﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻫﻭ ﻤﺎﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻭﻕ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻤﻴﻴﺯﺍﺕ )ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺃﻨﹼﻪ "ﻻ ﺼﻔﺎ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻉ ﺍﻝﺘﹼﺭﺍﺘﺒﻴ‪‬ـﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻙ ﺠﻤﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ﻓﻲ ﺫﺍﺘ ِﻪ ﻗﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻬﻠﻰ ﺘﻔﻜﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻭﻗﻌﻪ ﺍﻹﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﻜﻥ‪ ،‬ﺁﻨﺫﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﻤ ﹰ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﺭ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻝـﺫﺍﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺼﻭ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻨﻁﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺍﻜﺘـﺸﺎ ﹸ‬ ‫ﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺘﻬﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺸﻴ ﹸﺔ ﻨﻭﺡٍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﺇﻨﹼﻤﺎ ﺘﻜﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ل ﺇﺫ ﺘﻌﻴ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻤﻭ‪ ‬ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﺔ ﻤﺎ ﻫـﻭ‬ ‫ﺽ ﻭﻴﺘﺤ ‪‬ﻭ ُ‬ ‫ل ﺸﻲ ٍﺀ ﻴﻭﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻕ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻭﻝﻰ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺒﻭﺩﻴﺘ ِﻪ ﻓﺘﺠﻌل‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺘﺫﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﻜ ّ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻝﺤﻴﺭ ﹸﺓ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺘﺴﻤ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺴﹼﻠ ِﻡ‬ ‫ﺱ ﺩﺭﺠـ ﹰﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻙ ﻭﺇﻨﹼﻤﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻓﺌﺩ ِﺓ ﺃﺩﻨﻰ ﻏﻤﺎﺭِ ﺍﻝﻨﹼﺎ ِ‬ ‫ل ﺍﻓﺌﺩ ِﺓ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻔﺎ ِﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻠﻭ ِ‬ ‫ﻲ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺨ ِ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻬ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﹼﺭﺍ ﹸﺘ ِﺒﻲ‪ .‬ﺘﻠﻙ ﻓﻘﺭﺓﹲ )ﻤﻥ "ﺍﻝﻔﺼﻭﺹ"( ﺘﹸﺫﻜﹼﺭﻨﺎ ﺒﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ ﺒﻠﻭﺥ ﺒﺨﺼﻭﺹ ﻤﺎﺴﺘﺭ ﺇﻴﻜﻬﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﻭﻝﻭﺭﺩﺍﺕﹾ‪.‬‬ ‫ل ﺍﻹﺴﺘﻨﺎﺭ ﹸﺓ ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘ ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﺭﺒﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ ﺘﹸﺒ ‪‬ﺩ ُ‬ ‫ﻥ ﻤﻭﻗﻔﻲ ﺩﺭﻴﺩﺍ ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ ﻫﺫﻴﻥ‪ -‬ﺍﺘﹼﺴﺎﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺴﺦ ﺒﻌﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺓ ﺍﻷﻨﻅﻤـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺘـﺼﻭﻴﺭﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺇ‪‬‬ ‫ﻙ ﻗ ‪‬ﻭﺓﹲ ﺩﻴﻨﺎﻤﻴﻜ ‪‬ﻴﺔﹲ ﺘﻐـﺯﻭ‬ ‫ﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻝ ‪‬‬ ‫ل ﺒﻭﻀﻌ ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ﻤﻌﻴ‪‬ﻨﺔٍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﺒﺄ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺠﻬ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺘﺭ ﻝﻠﻭﻀﻭﺡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻭﻫﻡ‪ ‬ﻤﺒﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ ﻭﻀـﻌﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﻴـﺭ ِﺓ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺃﺒﺩﹰﺍ ﻋﻥ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺜ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻤﺎ ﺒـﺄ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺹ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﺸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺕ‪/‬ﺍﻝﻨﹼﺼﻭ ِ‬ ‫ل ﺍﻝﺘﻤﻅﻬﺭﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺘﺸﺭ‪‬ﺏ ﻜ ّ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻙ ﺍﻝﹼـﺫﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻉ ﺍﻭﻝﺌـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺢ ﻝﻠﻤﺭ ِﺀ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺴﺘﺒﺼ ‪‬ﺭ "ﺁﺨﺭﹰﺍ" ﻤﺘﻤﻠﹼﺼﹰﺎ ﻴﺒﻘﻰ ﻻ ﻤﺭﺌ ‪‬ﻴﹰﺎ )ﺃﻭ ﺨﻔ ‪‬ﻴﹰﺎ( ﻋـﻥ ﺠِﻤـﺎ ِ‬ ‫)ﻭﺍﻹﻝﺘﺒﺎﺱ( ﺘﺘﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻉ ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺘﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇﻝﻰ ﺠ‪‬ﻤﻠ ٍﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﹼﻘﺎﻁِ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎﺕِ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤ‪‬ﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﹼﻔ ﹼﻜ ‪‬ﺭ ﻓﻴ ِﻪ‪ -‬ﻴﻘﻭﺩﺍﻨﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺠِﻤﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺎﻭﻝﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺭ ﹸﺓ ﻫﻲ "ﻭﻀﻌ ‪‬ﻴﺔﹲ ﻓﻌﻠﻴ‪‬ﺔ"‬ ‫ﺹ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻥ ﻴﺒﺩﻭ ﺃﻨﹼﻬﺎ "ﻤﺘﻘﺩ‪‬ﻤ ﹰﺔ" ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ‪/‬ﺍﻝ ﹼﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺤﺎﻝ ٍﺔ ﺃﺼﻠ ‪‬ﻴ ٍﺔ ﻤﻌﻴ‪‬ﻨ ٍﺔ ﻝﻠﺸﺅﻭ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻨ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻹﺨﺘﻼﻁﹸ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﻔﻜﹼﺭﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ( ﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﻜﺎﺌﻥ‪‬‬ ‫ل ﺸﺄ ٍ‬ ‫ﻲ )ﺩﻭﻥ ﺘﻘﻠﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺙ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻝﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻻﺒﻥ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ ﻴﺭﻯ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻭﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ل ﻤﺤﺎﻭﻝ ٍﺔ ﻝﻠﺤﺩﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﻜّ‬ ‫ﻥ ﺍﻷﻤ ‪‬ﺭ ﻜﻠﹼﻪ ﻫﻭ ﺃﻤ ‪‬ﺭ ﺤﻴﺭ ٍﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺒﺎﺱ )ﺃﻭﺴﺘﻥ ‪:1980‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺍ ‪‬ﺀ )ﺃﻭ ﻗﺒل( ﺘﻨﻅﻴﺭ ﻭﺘﻔﻠﺴﻑ ﻨﻅﺭﺍﺌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻭ ﻴﻔﻬﻡ ﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬ ‫ل ﺼﻭﺭ ٍﺓ ﻭﻤﻔﻬﻭ ٍﻡ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻝﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻴ‪‬ﻘ ‪‬ﺩﻤ‪‬ﺎ )ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ( ﻓﻲ ﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺕﻜّ‬ ‫‪ ،(254‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺴﻴﻭﻝ ٍﺔ ﺇﻝﻬ ‪‬ﻴ ٍﺔ ﻜﺎﺌﻨﺔﹰ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﺴﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻜﻼ ِﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﻗﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﹼﻔﻜﻴﻜﻲ ﻓﻪ‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪Société Soudanaise des Etudes et Recherches en Arts, Lettres et Sciences Humaines‬‬ ‫‪Sudanese Society for Research in Arts and Humanities‬‬ ‫ا  
ا  دا
رات وا  ث  اداب وا  ن وا‬ ‫‪www.sudan-forall.org‬‬ ‫م ا
‬