‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺘﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺘﹸﺤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺜ ‪‬ﻡ ﻫﻲ ﺘﺒﻘﻰ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤ‪‬ﺩﺭﻜﺔ" )ﺠﻴﺘﻴـﻙ ‪(348 :1989‬؛ ﻴﺤﻴـﻰ‪ .(29 :211 :11 :‬ﺇ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻙ ﺘﻐﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﻬﺎﺩ ﹰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﻌـﺼﺎ ِﺀ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﻁﻠـﻕ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﻜﹼـﺭ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺸﺘﹼﻰ ﻜﺘﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺭ ﹰﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻌﺘﻘﺩﺍ ٍ‬ ‫)ﺍﻝﻌﻘﻼﻨﻲ( ﻓﻴ ِﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ’ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻔ ﹶﺔ‘ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺌﻤ ﹶﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﻨﺫ ﻓﻬﻡ ﻤﺎﻫﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻴﺘﺄﺘﹼﻰ ﻋﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻁ ﺘﺼﻭ‪‬ﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﺘﻀﺎﺭﺒﺔ ﺫﺍ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺇ‪‬‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﹼﻔـ ِ‬ ‫ﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻡ‪ .‬ﺇﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺭﺠـﻊ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴ‪‬ـﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺇﻝـﻰ ﻋﻬـ ِﺩ ﺜﻴﻭﻝـﻭﺠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﺠ ‪‬ﺩ ﻋﺭﻴ ٍ‬ ‫ﺦ ﻭﻨﺴ ٍ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴ ٍ‬ ‫‪negative‬‬ ‫ل ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ‪ .‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺘﹸﻅﻬﺭ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻤﻜﺎﻨـﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﺌﻴ‪‬ـﺔ‬ ‫‪ theologians‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﻨﻴﺴ ِﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﻜﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻗ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻥ ﺃ ﹼﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﺼﺎﺌﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﺤ ٍﻭ ﻤﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩٍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﹼﻔﻲ‪ ،‬ﺜ ‪‬ﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﻭ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﻤِﺭ ِﺓ ‪ apophatic‬ﻻﺒﻥ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻩ ﻤﻥ ﺜﻴﻭﻝﻭﺠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﻀﻤِﺭ ‪.via negativa‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﺌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻼﻗ ٍﺔ ﺒﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺩﺭﻴﺩﺍ ﺍﻝﻨﻘﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻝﺘﹼﻭﺼﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﻬﺒﻨﺎ ﺩﻴﻭﻨﻴﺯﻴﻭﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻋﺎﺵ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻷﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺸﹶﻬﺭ ﹰﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺜﻴﻭﻝﻭﺠﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﹼﻔﻲ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺱ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺒﻤﺎ ﺘﻌﻨﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﺕ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺄﻤﺭ ﺍﷲ ﻓﺈﻨﹼﻬﺎ ﺴﻭﻑ ﺘﹸﻁﻠﻌﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺒﺎﻝﻔﻌل‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻙ ﺒﻨﺎﺀﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ ﺃﻨﹼﻪ ﺇﻥ ﺘﹸﻔ ﹼﻜ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺭ‪‬ﺓ( ﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺘﺒﻴ‪‬ـﺔ‬ ‫ﺕ ﻤﻌﻴ‪‬ﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺜﻴﻭﻝﻭﺠﻴﺎ ﺍﻝـﺼﻭﻓﻴ‪‬ﺔ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﺜﻴﻭﻝﻭﺠﻴـﺎ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﺴﺘـ ِ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﻤﺔ ﺍﷲ‪ .‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺁﻨﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﻭﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻨﺠﺩﻩ ﻴ‪‬ﻭﺍﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﺘﹼﻭﻜﻴ ِﺩ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﻨﻤﺎﺯ ﺒﺄﻨﹼﻨﺎ ﺇﻥ ﻨﺩﻋﻭ ﺍﷲ ﺴﻜﺭﺍﻨﹰﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺒﺎﺌﺘﺎﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﻜ ٍﺭ ﻴ ﹸﻜﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﻨﺴﺏ ﻝﻨﺎ ﻤـﻥ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺩﻋﻭ ‪‬ﻩ ﺨﻴ‪‬ﺭﹰﺍ ﺃﻭ ﺤﻜﻴﻤﹰﺎ‪ .‬ﺫﻝﻜﻡ‪ -‬ﻴ‪‬ﻭﻜﹼﺩ ﺩﻴﻭﻨﻴﺯﻴﻭﺱ‪ -‬ﻷﻥ "ﺍﻝﻼ ﺘﻤﺎﺜﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻼ ﻤﻨﺴﺠﻤﺔ" ﺘﺠﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﺃﻜﺜـ ‪‬ﺭ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻜـﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻙ‘ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝﺔ ﻓﻲ ’ﻨﻬﺎﺌﻴ‪‬ﺘﻬﺎ‘‪ ،‬ﻤﺜل ﹸﻜﻼﹼﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﻭ ﻜﹸﻼﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ‬ ‫ﻵﺨﺭﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻨ ‪‬ﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻥ ’ﻴ‪‬ﻤﺴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ‪ -‬ﻤﻥ ﺠﻬ ٍﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‪ -‬ﺃﻥ ﻴ‪‬ـﺼﻑ ﺒﻬـﺎ ﺍﷲ )ﺩﻴﻭﻨﻴﺯﻴـﻭﺱ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﺘﺭﺍﺌـﻲ‪ .(58 :‬ﻭﻴـﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴ‪‬ﻤﻜ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺭ ِﺓ" ﻭ "ﺩﻭﺩ ﹰﺓ"‪" ،‬ﺤﻜﻴﻤﹰﺎ" ﻭ"ﺴﻜﺭﺍﻨﹰﺎ"‬ ‫ﻥ ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕِ‪" ،‬ﻜﻠ َ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻴﻭﺒﺎﻗﺎﺘﻴ‪‬ﻭﻥ ‪ the Areopagite‬ﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﻷﻜﺜ ‪‬ﺭ ﺩ���ﱡﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤ‪‬ﺨﺎﻁﺒ ِﺔ )ﻤﻭﺍﺠﻬﺔ( ﻤﺎ ﺴﻤ‪‬ﺎﻩ ﺃﺤ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﹼﺎﻗﺩﻴﻥ "ﺤﻘﻴﻘـﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻬﺎﺯﻤـﺔ ﻝﻠﹼﻐـﺔ" )ﺘﻴﺭﻨـﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ﻲ ﻜﻲ ﻴ‪‬ﺼﻠﻨﺎ ﺒﺤـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻲ ﺫﺍﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻨﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﻤﺘﻨﺎﻗﻀ ﹶﺔ ﻝﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻵﺨﺭ ﺍﻹﻝﻬ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ ﺩﻴﻭﻨﻴﺯﻴﻭﺱ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﺒﻭﻋ ٍ‬ ‫‪ ...(278‬ﺇ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ ﻤﺨﺘﺭﻋـ ٍﺔ ﺸـﺘﹼﻰ‬ ‫ﻥ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﺘﻔﻜﻴﻙ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﺘﺼﻭﺭﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜ ‪‬ﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻌ ‪‬ﻴ ﹰﺔ ﺒﺎﻻﺴﺘﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻝﺼﺔ ﻝﻠﺘﹼﻔﻜﹼﺭﺍﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﷲ‪ .‬ﻭﻷ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺩ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺜﻴﻭﻝﻭﺠﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﻜﻴﺩﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻴ‪‬ﻘ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻡ‪ -‬ﻝﻠﻤﺭ ِﺀ‪ -‬ﺍﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻴ ﹰﺔ ﺍﻀﻤﺎﺭﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪-‬ﺍﻴﻤﺎﺌﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻤﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﻝﻼﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻴﻤﻨﺤﻨـﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻴﻭﻨﻴﺯﻴﻭﺱ ﻤﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﹰﺔ ﻝﻔﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻝﻴﺴﺕ ﻝﻪ ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻋﺒﺭ ﻫﺠﺭﺍﻨﻪ ﻝﻠﺼ‪‬ﻭﺭ ﻭﺇﻨﹼﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﺒﺎﻷﺤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺭ ﻤﺠﺎﺒﻬﺘﻨـﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﺘﺒﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻀﺎﺭﺒﺎﺕ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪Société Soudanaise des Etudes et Recherches en Arts, Lettres et Sciences Humaines‬‬ ‫‪Sudanese Society for Research in Arts and Humanities‬‬ ‫ا  
ا  دا
رات وا  ث  اداب وا  ن وا‬ ‫‪www.sudan-forall.org‬‬ ‫م ا
‬