On 6th July 2016, a group of PDF soldiers headed by Umbrambeta‟s PDF commander Anwar Alzubair, attacked Mohamed Daoud‟s house at Alsharak village (20km southeast Abu-Kershola). They were on six land cruiser vehicles and a number of motorbikes. On arrival, they started shooting towards the house and the house owner was killed and two people were injured. The injured were; I. II. Abdalla Adam Aldaar Jamal Hamid Egail The attack was alleged to be an act of retribution. That a relative to Mohamed Daoud was murdered in May 2016 by one from the commander‟s tribe. The deceased (Mohamed Daoud) opened a case at police accusing that person. Before this incident, the murder case was already known as well as the perpetrators but, the police couldn‟t arrest them or take any further steps. 10.1 Three family members killed in Habila On 7th August 2016, three family members of Mohamed Yagoub Abdalla were killed and others injured by (unknown gun men) at their farm/ scheme fourteen (14) km south of Habila. The family suspects a member of SPLA-N to be responsible for the killing since they have land wrangles/dispute. While the family members were camping at their agricultural farm/scheme, they heard a voice calling/yelling and immediately after their replying there was random shooting. Three people were instantly killed, two brothers Bushra and Bashir together with their 16 year old nephew Abduraheem. The wounded were Abduelaziz and Arabi. The family members accuse SPLA-N member because of land dispute with him. A case was opened against anonymous and no further investigation was taken. 10.2 Murder incident in Talodi On 23rd August 2016, Sowar-Aldahab Mohamed Alkabour, 29 years old, casual laborer at the gold mine was killed by five armed people and his motorbike was taken away as he was going to Al-Lafa gold mine ten (10) km Southeast Talodi with other person who witnessed the murder and survived. A case was filed by Talodi police against anonymous/ unidentified perpetrator. No further investigation was done. 10.3 Al-Sanadra village massacre On 2nd Sept 2016, PDF soldiers with more than twenty motorcycles accompanied by two land cruiser vehicles attacked this village. The attack was based on PDF4 claim that, there were some cattle looted from their tribe and that their footsteps passed through Al-Sanadra village. They accused the people of this village to have been involved in the theft or being accomplice. Al-Sanadra is a village in Al-Abbasiya locality 4 The PDF is a government allied militia that is dominated by Arab nomad’s tribe in South Kordufan 9