‫ﻲ ﻤﺤﻤ‪‬ﺩ‪ ،‬ﻜﺫﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺒﺎﺴ ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ﻜﻴﻨﻭﻨ ِﺔ ﺍﷲ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻨﻭﺡ ﻻ ﻴﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻲ ﻭﺇﻨﹼﻤـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻷﺩﻕﱢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻥ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻕ ﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﻹﺤﺘﺭﺍﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺼﻁﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﻝﻬـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻭﻨﻭﺡ ﻻ ﺘﹸﻘﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﺒ ِ‬ ‫ل ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺭ ِﺓ ﺒﻭﺼﻔﻬﺎ ﻭﻀـﻌ ‪‬ﻴ ﹰﺔ‬ ‫ﻱ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻴ‪‬ﻴﻥ ﺃﻗﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﺼﺎﺤﺒ ِﻪ ﺍﻵﺨﺭِ‪ ،‬ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﺒﻭ ِ‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﻝﻜﻴﻔ ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﻜﻥ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺴ ِ‬ ‫ﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺤ ‪‬ﺩ ﺫﺍ ِﺘ ِﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻨﻭﻨ ‪‬ﻴ ﹰﺔ ﻤﺘﻌﻠﹼﻘ ﹰﺔ ﺒﺎﻷﻝﻭﻫ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻥ ﻋﺭﺒـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ ﻭﺫﻝﻜﻡ ﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ل ﻨﺸﻴﺭ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺎﺭ ِﺓ ﺍﻝﻁﹼﻭﻓﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﻌﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺸ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺜﺎﺭ ﹰﺓ ﻝﻠﺘﺄ ‪‬ﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺭ ِﺓ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨ ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺄﻝﻭﻓﺔﺵ ﻋـﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻭﺼـﻔ ِﻪ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺤﺎل ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺭﺓ ﻭﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﻹﻝﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﻤﻭﺤﻴﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺒﺫﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺒﺫﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﻝﻭﺼ ِ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﻌﺎﺭ ِﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﹸﻘ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻡ ﻝﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓـﻲ ﻤﻌـﺭﺽ‬ ‫"ﻤﺤﻴﻁﹰﺎ ﻻ ﺤ ‪‬ﺩ ﻝﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺸﺎﻁﺌﺎﻥ"‪ .‬ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﻌﺎﺭ ﹸﺓ‪ -‬ﻨﻘﻭل‪ -‬ﻫﻲ ﺫﺍ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺽ ﺍﻝﻼ ﻤـﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺦ ﻝﺭﻓ ِ‬ ‫ل ﺍﻝﺸﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺠﺭﺃ ﹰﺓ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔﹰ ﺒﺘﺎﻭﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻗﺭﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ ﻝﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻨﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺃﻜﺜ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺭﺍﺤﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﻀﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻨﻭﺡ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻌﻭﺩ ﻤﻌﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﺭﻜ ِﺒ ِﻪ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻨﹼﻪ ﺨﻁﺎﹲ ﻓﺎﺩﺡ‪ ‬ﺒل‪ ،‬ﺒﺎﻷﺤﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻨﹼﻪ ﻗﺭﺍﺭ‪ ‬ﻴﻨ ‪‬ﻡ ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ ﺴﻔﻴﻨ ِﺔ ﻨـﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﻀﻴ‪‬ﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺸﺄ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻨﻁﻭﻝﻭﺠﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﺜﱢﻴﻭﻝﻭﺠﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻜﻤ ٍﺔ ﺭﻭﺤﻴﺫ ٍﺓ ﺃﻜﺒ ‪‬ﺭ ﺇﺫ ﺃﻨﹼﻪ ﻴ‪‬ﻨﻘ ﹸﺫ ﺃﻭﻝﺌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ ﺃﻭﻝﺌﻙ‪،‬‬ ‫ﷲ" ﺍﻷﻜﺜ ‪‬ﺭ ﺭﺤﺎﺒ ﹰﺔ ﻭﺸﺴﻭﻋﹰﺎ )ﺃﻭﺴﺘﻥ ‪ .(79 :1980‬ﺇ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺊ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﻕﹶ‪ ،‬ﺒﻨﺸﻭﺓٍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺒﺤﺎ ِﺭ "ﻤﻌﺭﻓ ِﺔ ﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﻭﻴ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻴ ُ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻓﻀﻬﻡ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻝﻨﻭﺡ ﻭﺍﻹﺼﻐﺎﺀ ﻝﺩﻋﻭﺘ ِﻪ ﻹﻝﻬﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌﺎﻝﻲ )ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻨﺴﻴﻨﺩﻴﻨﺘﺎﻝﻲ(‪ ،‬ﺇﻨﹼﻤﺎ ﻴﺭﻓﻀﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺸﻭ ِ‬ ‫ﺼ ِﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﺘﺒﺴ ِﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺤﻴﺭ ِﺓ ﻭﻫﻡ ﻴﺒﺫﻝﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻌل ﺍﻝﺤﻼﹼﺝ‪،‬‬ ‫ل ﺤﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺨﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻀﻭﺤﺎﹰ ﻏﻴ ‪‬ﺭ ﻤﺴﺘﻨﻴ ٍﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﻙ ﺍﻹﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻤﻊ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺘﻭﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻭﺼل ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﻝﺌﻙ ﺍﻝﻼ ﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ ﺒﻔﻌـل‬ ‫ﺤﻴﻭﺍﺘﻬﻡ ﺜﻤﻨﹰﺎ ﻝﺫﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻙ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺇﻥ ﻫﻤﻭ‪ ،‬ﺇﺜﺭ‬ ‫ل ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﹰﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻘﺎﻤﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﻨﻭﺡ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻭﻝﺌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻀﻬﻡ ﺫﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﻗِﺒ ِ‬ ‫ﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻤ ‪‬ﺭ ﹰﺓ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ )ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺠﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻝﻔﻴﻀﺎﻥ ﺒﻬﻡ ﺒﻌﻴﺩﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﺩﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﻠﻘﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﺒﻌ ِﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺃﺭﻀﹰﺎ ﻴﺭﺴﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻙ ﺇﻨﻘﺎﺫﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﺒل ﻫﺒﻭﻁﹰﺎ ﺭﻭﺤ ‪‬ﻴﹰﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺫﻝﻜﻡ ﻷﻨﻪ ﺇﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻨﻭﺡ ﺤﻴﻨﺫﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﻭل ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺭﺒـﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ل ﻝﻬﻡ ﺫﻝ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻨﻭﺡ( ﻝﻤﺎ ﺸ ﹼﻜ َ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺭﻓﻴﻌـﺎﺕﹾ" )ﻋﻔﻴﻔـﻲ‪73 :‬؛ ﺃﻭﺴـﺘﻥ‬ ‫ﻁ ﺍﻝﻁﹼﺒﻴﻌ ِﺔ" ﻝﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻕﱢ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺒﻁﹰﺎ ﺒﻬﻡ ﻋﻥ "ﺩﺭﺠﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻻ ﺒﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ "ﺸ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺯ ﹰ‬ ‫‪ ،(80 :1980‬ﻓﻌﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻭﺼﻴ‪‬ﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴ‪‬ﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻏﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻴﻌﻠﻭ ﺸﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﺒﺎﻨﻤﻴﺎﺯٍ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺴ‪‬ﻔﺎﺌﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﺀ ِﺓ ﺍﻹﺸﻜﺎﻝ ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ﺇﺫ ﻫﻭ ﻴ‪‬ﺼ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻬﻭﺩﺓ ﻝﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻲ ﺫﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻥ ﻋﺭﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ "ﺍﻝﻔﺘﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻜﻴ‪‬ﺔ" ﻴﺅﺩ‪‬ﻱ ﺍﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﻝﻘﹼﻠ ٍﺔ ﻤـﺼﻁﻔﺎ ٍﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﹾ ‪‬ﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻭﺼﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻥ ﺩﻻﻻﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺘﹸﺤ ‪‬ﻭلُ‪ِ ،‬‬ ‫ﺙﺃ‪‬‬ ‫ﻫﻡ ﻏﺎﻓﻠﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﻴ‪‬ﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻨﻘﻴﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﹼﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺒﺤﻴ ﹸ‬ ‫ﻑ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻨﻲ )ﺃﻭ ﻤﻐـﺎﻨﻲ(‬ ‫ﻉ ﺍﻝﻨﹼﺎﺱ‪) "‬ﺸﻴﺘﻴﻙ ‪ (380 :1989‬ﺒﻤﺎ ﺍﻨﻁﻭﺕ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺸ ٍ‬ ‫ﻭﻤ‪‬ﻨﻤﺎﺯ ٍﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻥ "ﺠِﻤﺎ ِ‬ ‫ل ﻫﻭ ﻴﻔﺴ‪‬ﺭ‪ ،‬���ل ﻴﺅﻭ‪‬ل‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺩ ﺍﻻﺨﻴـﺭ ﻤـﻥ "ﺍﻝﻔﺘﻭﺤـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ل ﺍﻝﻤﺜﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺨﻠﹸﻭﺼ‪‬ﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺴﺒﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻝ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻙ ﺍﻝﻀ‪‬ﺎﻝﹼﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺼﻭﻓﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺭﺁﻨ ‪‬ﻴﹰﺎ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﻴ ِﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻌ ِﺔ ﻋﺸﺭ ِﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻭﺭ ِﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺭﺓِ‪ ،‬ﺒﺄﻨﻬﻡ ﻻ ﻴﺭﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ ﺃﻭﻝﺌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻜﻴ‪‬ﺔ"‪ ،‬ﺸﺄ ‪‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪Société Soudanaise des Etudes et Recherches en Arts, Lettres et Sciences Humaines‬‬ ‫‪Sudanese Society for Research in Arts and Humanities‬‬ ‫ا  
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