The general economic situation has not been good and it was worsened by the measures (like the lockdown) put in place by government to control the spread of COVID-19 pandemic in the first half of the year. This plus government mismanagement of public resources and injustice all contributed to the hard economic situation. The court trials against the former regime figures have not been done transparently. Sudan as a country was removed from the USA’s list of countries supporting terrorist. 1.4 Statement of the problem The violations in conflict areas continued mainly because of the presence of armed RSF and PDF soldiers, the failure to act by the authorities/government or public administrators at the state and central levels. RSF and PDF killed and injured many people/civilians by shooting them directly. They confiscate/loot property from civilians and recently they started to engage in armed robbery especially along the roads(robbing travelers) in South Kordufan/ Nuba Mountains. The MI/SAF resumed arresting civilians with no action or reprimand from the authorities/government to combat it. Rights were violated in form of arresting people arbitrarily, unlawful killing, denying people rights to fair trial (rule of law) and rights of civilians within conflict areas(insecurity, abuse of authority and excessive use of power). Many times, the authorities (police in particular) refused or failed to carry out investigations of cases brought before them especially where RSF and PDF were involved. This is a challenge to good governance, rule of law and an indication of impunity. 1.5 Aim and objectives Aim This report aims to bring to light the human rights violations and abuses in SK and BN states of Sudan (government territory) and the situation of IDPs from the two states. Objectives  To provide Sudan Transitional Government, the United Nations ‟ Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights”, African Union (AU), Amnesty International(AI), Human Rights Watch (HRW), the Diplomatic 3

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